Arq

) before needing an ACK. If a frame is lost, the receiver discards all subsequent frames, and the sender must retransmit all frames starting from the lost one. Better utilization than Stop-and-Wait. Cons: High retransmission overhead in poor channels. 3.3. Selective Repeat ARQ (SR)

combines traditional ARQ with Forward Error Correction (FEC) . The receiver attempts to correct small errors using error-correcting codes; if the error is too great, a retransmission is requested. This approach, specifically Type-II Hybrid ARQ , provides a more efficient approach in poor radio conditions, optimizing throughput. 6. Conclusion ) before needing an ACK

An Adaptive Type-I1 hybrid ARQ/FEC Protocol - Clemson University the receiver discards all subsequent frames

ARQ increases latency due to retransmissions, making it less suitable for real-time applications like VoIP. if the error is too great