Dress Codes: Meanings | And Messages In American ...

Rubinstein identifies six distinct categories that define how clothing messages are sent and received in American society:

: How dress establishes hierarchy and institutional roles. Dress Codes: Meanings and Messages in American ...

: Fashion choices that emanate from the collective hopes, fears, or dreams of specific subcultures, including styles like hip-hop, hippie, or gothic. or dreams of specific subcultures

: Specific types of attire that indicate membership in communities outside the mainstream, such as the Amish or Hasidic Jewish communities. including styles like hip-hop