Identifying what assets you have, what threats they face, and how much you’re willing to spend to protect them.

Technology alone cannot save a system. Security starts with . This involves:

Because the most sophisticated firewall can be bypassed by a single employee clicking a phishing link, education remains a core fundamental. 3. Layers of Defense (Defense in Depth)

Secure coding practices and regular patching.

A user should only have the minimum level of access necessary to do their job. This limits the "blast radius" if an account is compromised. 5. The Aftermath: Incident Response

Information Systems Security is a moving target. As AI and quantum computing evolve, the tools will change, but the fundamentals—protecting the Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability of our digital lives—remain the same. In the digital age, security is not a destination; it is a continuous state of vigilance.