Phytotoxin

: Affect a broad range of plant species.

Humans and animals can be exposed to phytotoxins through direct physical contact or by consuming contaminated food and water. phytotoxin

: Secreted by fungi or bacteria to damage plant tissue, often resulting in symptoms like wilting, chlorosis (yellowing), or necrosis (tissue death). Host-Specific (HST) : Affect only specific plant genotypes. : Affect a broad range of plant species

: Used in plant-plant interactions to inhibit the growth of neighboring competitors. often resulting in symptoms like wilting

Phytotoxins and their involvement in plant diseases. Introduction

: They belong to diverse chemical families, including alkaloids, terpenes, polyketides, peptides, and cyanogenic glycosides. Impact on Humans and Animals